Within the Purple4Life project, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine (UNIBA), based in Bratislava, Slovakia, is an active participant in this European initiative. Our team contributes expertise in mitochondrial medicine, antioxidants, and oxidative stress. What is...
Within Purple4Life, our team at Imperial College London is working to understand how new PPB-based food and feed value chains perform when they move from lab-scale to real-world production. To support this transition, we are developing environmental, circularity, and...
Within the Purple4Life project, Nofima contributes its expertise in fish feed formulation and production, fish nutrition and the evaluation of how functional ingredients such as purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) influence fish performance, health, welfare and product quality. This research step is crucial for enabling safe implementation of PPB as a sustainable alternative to conventional antioxidants in aquaculture diets
Nofima, in collaboration with Fraunhofer IMTE will evaluate the potential of using PPB as a functional feed ingredient for rainbow trout (Fraunhofer) and Atlantic salmon (Nofima). Experimental diets with different inclusion levels of PPB will be formulated and produced at Nofima’s Feed Technology center in Bergen. The diets will be fed to juvenile and grow-out stages of salmon under controlled conditions in tanks with strict control of environmental conditions and feed intake. The performance of the fish will be evaluated based on growth performance, health status, antioxidant status and mitochondrial activity. Muscle concentrations of carotenoids and coenzyme Q10 will be measured in muscle and other relevant tissues. Fillet quality parameters (color, texture, liquid loss) will be assessed, as the quality of the products is critical for consumer acceptance.
Current challenges in aquaculture include high mortality rates, particularly during the critical adaptation phase when juvenile salmon are transferred from freshwater to seawater, and the sustainable development of high-quality aquafeeds that secure fish growth, survival, and fillet quality. This increasingly involves transitioning from synthetic antioxidants in fish feed to natural alternatives like PPB.
Farmed fish require dietary antioxidants to combat oxidative stress from production operations and inflammatory diseases; innovative feed ingredients like PPB may contribute promisingly to addressing these challenges.
For salmonids, the feed must also provide the carotenoids that color the fillet, and the distinctive pink color of salmon and trout is an essential quality attribute highly valued by consumers. Carotenoids like astaxanthin act as strong antioxidants and may be depleted under stressful conditions, reducing their availability for fillet pigmentation—and potentially resulting in a paler fillet. Purple4Life will test whether CoQ10 in PPB acts as a powerful antioxidant, protecting fish against oxidative stress while potentially preserving astaxanthin in fillets from oxidation.
The main objective is to evaluate the beneficial effects of purple bacteria as a functional feed ingredient in salmonid fish and explore the potential for improving fish performance and fillet quality when facing challenging environmental conditions.
The first task involves small-scale feed production for determining the CoQ10 stability during feed processing. This step is essential for determining the correct inclusion level of PPB in the dietary premixes prior to formulating diets for rainbow trout and salmon trials.